izindaba

Idayimane lokwenziwa litshalwa elabhorethri elingisa ukwakheka kwemvelo kwamadayimane emvelo.Awukho umehluko osobala ekuthembekeni kwesakhiwo sekristalu, obala, inkomba ye-refractive, ukuhlakazwa, njll. Idayimane lokwenziwa linazo zonke izici ezinhle kakhulu ezibonakalayo nezamakhemikhali zamadayimane emvelo, okulenza lisetshenziswe kabanzi kumathuluzi okusika ngokunemba, izinto ezingagugi, ama-semiconductors nama-electronic. amadivaysi, ukutholwa okuphansi kazibuthe, amafasitela abonakalayo, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-acoustic, i-biomedicine, ubucwebe nokunye.

Amathemba ohlelo lokusebenza lwedayimane lokwenziwa

Izinto zokusika kanye nemishini enembile kakhulu Idayimane njengamanje iyiminerali enzima kakhulu ngokwemvelo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ine-conductivity ephezulu yokushisa, ukumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu kanye nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali.Lezi zici zinquma ukuthi idayimane nayo ingaba yinto ephakeme yokusika.Ngokusebenzisa idayimane elikhulu lekristalu elilinywe ngokuzenzisa, ukwenziwa kwemishini enembile kakhulu kungafezeka, okunganciphisa izindleko futhi kuthuthukise ubuchwepheshe.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Optical

Idayimane inokudlulisa okuphezulu kuyo yonke ibhendi ye-wavelength ukusuka kuma-X-ray kuya kuma-microwave futhi iyinto enhle kakhulu yokubona.Isibonelo, i-MPCVD ye-crystal diamond eyodwa ingenziwa iwindi lokudluliswa kwamandla kumishini ye-laser enamandla amakhulu, futhi ingenziwa ibe yifasitela ledayimane lokuhlola isikhala.Idayimane inezici zokumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo, ukumelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali kanye nokumelana nokugqokwa kwemishini, futhi iye yafundwa futhi yasetshenziswa efasiteleni le-infrared, iwindi le-microwave, iwindi le-laser enamandla amakhulu, iwindi lesistimu ye-imaging eshisayo, iwindi le-X-ray nokunye.

Izindawo zohlelo lokusebenza zamadivayisi we-quantum

Idayimane eliqukethe amaphutha ezikhala ze-nitrogen linezakhiwo eziyingqayizivele ze-quantum, lingasebenzisa isikhungo sombala we-NV ngogongolo oluthile ekamelweni lokushisa, linezici zesikhathi eside sokuhambisana, ukuqina kwe-fluorescence okuzinzile, ukuqina okuphezulu okukhanyayo, futhi ingenye yezinkampani ze-qubit ezinocwaningo olukhulu. inani namathemba.Inani elikhulu lezikhungo zocwaningo zenze ucwaningo lokuhlola ezizungeze isikhungo sombala we-NV, futhi inani elikhulu lemiphumela yocwaningo liye lafinyelelwa emfanekisweni wokuthwebula we-confocal wesikhungo sombala we-NV, isifundo se-spectral sesikhungo sombala we-NV ekushiseni okuphansi kanye negumbi. izinga lokushisa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-microwave nezindlela zokubona ukuze kusetshenziswe i-spin, futhi bathole izinhlelo zokusebenza eziyimpumelelo esilinganisweni senkundla kazibuthe enembayo ephezulu, i-biological imaging, kanye nokutholwa kwe-quantum.Isibonelo, izitholi zedayimane azikwesabi isimo semisebe esinzima kakhulu kanye nezibani ezizungezile ezilahlekile, azidingi ukwengeza izihlungi, futhi zingasebenza ngokujwayelekile ekamelweni lokushisa kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu, ngaphandle kwesidingo sesistimu yokupholisa yangaphandle njengezitholi ze-silicon.

Izindawo zesicelo se-Acoustic

Idayimane inezinzuzo zemodulus enwebekayo ephezulu, ukuminyana okuphansi namandla aphezulu, efaneleka kakhulu ukwenza amagagasi e-acoustic asezingeni eliphezulu, amandla aphezulu aphezulu, futhi iyinto ekahle yokwenza amadivaysi e-acoustics athembeke kakhulu.

Izindawo zezicelo zemboni yezokwelapha

Ubulukhuni bedayimane obuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu, i-coefficient ephansi yokungqubuzana kanye nokuvumelana okuhle kwe-biocompatibility kuyenza isetshenziswe kabanzi emalungeni okwenziwa, ama-valve enhliziyo, ama-biosensors, njll., futhi isiphenduke into ebaluleke kakhulu nebalulekile embonini yezokwelapha yesimanje.

Jewelry izicelo

Idayimane lokwenziwa liqhathaniswa nedayimane lemvelo ngokombala, ukucaca, njll., futhi linezinzuzo ezisobala ngokwezindleko zokukhiqiza namanani.Ngo-2018, i-FTC egunyaziwe yayihlanganisa amadayimane alinyiwe okwenziwa esigabeni samadayimane, futhi amadayimane atshaliwe angenisa inkathi yokushintshwa kwamadayimane emvelo.Ngokumiswa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamazinga okugreda amadayimane alinyiwe, ukuqashelwa kwamadayimane atshaliwe emakethe yabathengi kukhule unyaka nonyaka, futhi imboni yedayimane elinywayo emhlabeni wonke ikhule ngokushesha eminyakeni emibili edlule.Ngokombiko weshumi wonyaka wemboni yedayimane yomhlaba wonke okhishwe ngokuhlanganyela yinkampani yokubonisana yabaphathi baseMelika kanye ne-Antwerp World Diamond Center, inani lokukhiqizwa kwamadayimane emvelo emhlabeni ngo-2020 lehle laya kuma-carats ayizigidi eziyi-111, ukwehla ngama-20%, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwamadayimane alinyiwe kwafinyelela ezigidini eziyisi-6 kuya kweziyi-7 zama-carats, lapho i-50% kuya ku-60% yamadayimane atshalwayo akhiqizwa eShayina kusetshenziswa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucindezela okuphezulu, kanti i-India ne-United States yaba izikhungo zokukhiqiza eziyinhloko ze-CVD.Ngokungezwa kwabaqhubi bemikhiqizo yedayimane abaziwayo kanye nezikhungo zokuhlola nokuhlola ezigunyaziwe ekhaya naphesheya, ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yedayimane elinywayo kuye kwamiswa kancane kancane, ukuqashelwa kwabathengi kuye kwanda unyaka nonyaka, futhi amadayimane alinyiwe anendawo enkulu yokuthuthukiswa imakethe yabathengi bobucwebe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani yaseMelika i-LifeGem iye yaqaphela ubuchwepheshe bokukhula "kwedayimane lesikhumbuzo", isebenzisa i-carbon evela emzimbeni womuntu njengezinto zokusetshenziswa (njengezinwele, umlotha) ukwenza amadayimane, ngendlela ekhethekile yokusiza amalungu omndeni ukuba abonise uthando lwawo ngokulahlekile. abathandekayo, enikeza ukubaluleka okukhethekile kumadayimane alinyiwe.Muva nje, i-Hidden Valley Ranch, okuwuhlobo oludumile lokugqokwa kwesaladi e-United States, iphinde yaqasha u-Dean Vandenbisen, isazi sokuma komhlaba nomsunguli we-LifeGem, ukuthi enze idayimane elingama-carat amabili nge-condiment futhi alidayise.Kodwa-ke, zonke lezi zingamaqhinga e-propaganda futhi azikho ukubaluleka ekukhuthazeni ukukhiqiza ngezinga elikhulu.

Inkambu ye-semiconductor ye-bandgap ebanzi kakhulu

Isicelo sangaphambilini kulula kuwo wonke umuntu ukuba asiqonde, futhi namuhla ngifuna ukugxila ekusetshenzisweni kwedayimane kuma-semiconductors.Ososayensi eLivermore National Laboratory e-United States bashicilele iphepha ku-APL (Applied Physics Letters), umqondo oyinhloko ukuthi idayimane le-CVD eliphezulu lingasetshenziselwa "i-ultra-wide bandgap semiconductors" futhi izokhuthaza kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla. amagridi, izitimela, nezimoto zikagesi.

Ngamafuphi, indawo yokuthuthukiswa kwedayimane lokwenziwa njengobucwebe ibonakala kusengaphambili, nokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwesicelo sayo sesayensi nezobuchwepheshe akunamkhawulo futhi isidingo sikhulu.Ngokombono wesikhathi eside, uma imboni yedayimane yokwenziwa ifuna ukukhula kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kufanele ithuthukiswe ibe yisidingo sokuphila nokukhiqiza, futhi ekugcineni isetshenziswe ezimbonini zendabuko kanye nezinkambu zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.Kuphela ngokuzama okusemandleni ethu ukuthuthukisa inani layo lokusetshenziswa lapho singakwazi ukukhulisa ukusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu.Uma ukukhiqizwa kwendabuko kuqhubeka, isidingo sizoqhubeka.Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokuhlanganiswa kwedayimane, ukubaluleka kwayo kukhushulelwe phezulu “kwesu lesizwe” ngabathile abezindaba.Ekuhlinzekeni kwanamuhla okukhulayo nokulinganiselwe kwamadayimane emvelo, imboni yedayimane yokwenziwa ingase iphathe lesi sibhengezo samasu.